Draft:Sheetwum：修订间差异

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'''Sheetwem''' is a Shidinido by Rachel1211. It is an agglutinative language and a 'worldlang', i.e. the vocabulary is from unrelated languages all over the world. The use of Shidinn radical is remained but dimished in Sheetwem.
'''Sheetwum''' (Sheetwum: {{x|xEtvm}} /ɕi.tʰum/) is a Shidinido by Rachel1211. It is an agglutinative language and a 'worldlang', i.e. the vocabulary is from unrelated languages all over the world. The use of Shidinn radical is remained but dimished in Sheetwum.
== Alphabet ==
== Alphabet ==
There are 45 letters, including 43 basic and 2 extended letters ({{X|X}} and N).
There are 45 letters in Sheetwum. 43 of them are derived from the original Shidinn alphabets.


A{{x|a}}大 Бb夕 B{{x|B}}白 Cc亡 Dd刀 Σ{{x|E}}幺 Ee巳 Ff下 Gg马 Hh九 i工 Jj丁 Kk反 Ll乙 Mm巾 Nn几 Γ{{x|~n}}兀 广 Oo口 Pp尸 Qq中 Rr尺 Ss乡 Tt七 ⊥{{x|X}}上 Uu午 Vv以 Ww山 Xx乂 Yy丫 Zz之 一 又 了 千 与 厶 亻 月 廿 入 日 人 才 卜
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Sheetwum Alphabets
|-
! No. !! Upper case !! Lower case !! Sino case !! Pronunciation !! Latin transcription !! Substitute character(s)
|-
| 1 || A || {{x|a}} || 大 || /ɐ/ || a || a
|-
| 2 || Б || b || 夕 || /p(o)/ || b || b
|-
| 3 || B || {{x|B}} || 白 || /kʷ(u)/ || gw || B
|-
| 4 || C || c || 亡 || /kʷʰ(u)/ || kw || c
|-
| 5 || D || d || 刀 || /t(e)/ || d || d
|-
| 6 || Σ || {{x|E}} || 幺 || /i/ || i || E / ε / Σ
|-
| 7 || E || e || 巳 || /e/ || e || e
|-
| 8 || F || f || 下 || /f(o)/ || f || f
|-
| 9 || G || g || 马 || /k(e)/ || g || g
|-
| 10 || H || h || 九 || /x(e)/ || h || h
|-
| 11 ||  || i || 工 || /i̯/ || y<ref>For "gliding tone" only</ref> || i
|-
| 12 || J || j || 丁 || /tɕ(i)/ || dj || j
|-
| 13 || K || k || 反 || /kʰ(e)/ || k || k
|-
| 14 || L || l || 乙 || /l(e)/ || l || l
|-
| 15 || M || m || 巾 || /m(o)/ || m || m
|-
| 16 || N || n || 几 || /n(e)/ || n || n
|-
| 17 || Γ || {{x|~n}} || 兀 || /ɲ(i)/ || nj || G / Γ
|-
| 18 ||  ||  || 广 || /ŋ(e)/ || ng || N
|-
| 19 || O || o || 口 || /o/ || o || o
|-
| 20 || P || p || 尸 || /pʰ(o)/ || p || p
|-
| 21 || Q || q || 中 || /tɕʰ(i)/ || tj || q
|-
| 22 || R || r || 尺 || /ɹ(ɹˌ)/ || zs || r
|-
| 23 || S || s || 乡 || /s(ɹˌ)/ || s || s
|-
| 24 || T || t || 七 || /tʰ(e)/ || t || t
|-
| 25 || <span style="display:inline-block;transform:scale(-1,-1)">T</span> || {{x|X}} || 上 || /θ(e)/ || th || T / ⊥
|-
| 26 || U || u || 午 || /u̯/ || w<ref>For "gliding tone" only</ref> || u
|-
| 27 || V || v || 以 || /u/ || u || v
|-
| 28 || W || w || 山 || /w(o)/ || w || w
|-
| 29 || X || x || 乂 || /ɕ(i)/ || sj || x
|-
| 30 || Y || y || 丫 || /j(e)/ || y || y
|-
| 31 || Z || z || 之 || /ts(ɹˌ)/ || ds || z
|-
| 32 ||  ||  || 一 || /ɹˌ/ || q || 1
|-
| 33 ||  ||  || 又 || /ə/ || ë / eo || 2 / ə
|-
| 34 ||  ||  || 了 || /ew/ || ew || 3 / ɜ
|-
| 35 ||  || {{x|~4}} || 千 || /ʔ(e)/ || ' || 4
|-
| 36 ||  ||  || 与 || /ŋʷ(u)/ || ngw || 5 / ㄣ
|-
| 37 ||  ||  || 厶 || /əw/ || ow || 6
|-
| 38 ||  ||  || 亻 || /xʷ(u)/ || hw || 7
|-
| 39 ||  ||  || 月 || /ʵ/ || r<ref>For "gliding tone" only</ref> || 8 / δ
|-
| 40 ||  ||  || 廿 || /ɐj/ || ay || Y / 廿
|-
| 41 ||  ||  || 入 || /ɐw/ || aw || X / 刀 / λ
|-
| 42 ||  ||  || 日 || /oj/ || oy || O / θ
|-
| 43 ||  ||  || 人 || /əj/ || ey || V / 人
|-
| 44 ||  ||  || 才 || /tsʰ(ɹˌ)/ || ts || C / ㄜ
|-
| 45 ||  ||  || 卜 || /nz(ɹˌ)/ || nz || H / 卜
|}
 
Extended Sheetwem Alphabets are only for recording vocabularies from foreign languages. Extended alphabets have no Sino case.
 
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Extended Sheetwem Alphabets
|-
! No. !! Upper case !! Lower case !! Pronunciation !! Latin transcription !! Substitute character(s)
|-
| +1 || Є || є || /iw/ || iw || _iu / _iw
|-
| +2 ||  ||  || /uj/ || uy || U / _ui / _uy
|-
| +3 || {{ruby||_}} || {{ruby||_}} || /ej/ || ey || _ei / _ey / ス
|-
| +4 || {{ruby||_}} || {{ruby||_}} || /ow/ || ow || _ou / _ow / ㅎ
|-
| +5 || ↑R (like ˘) || R || /r(e)/ || rr || R / ^
|-
| +6 || ʕ || ʕ (middle & lower frames) || /ˁ/ || ‘ || 9
|-
| +7 || {{拼|F|w}} || {{拼|f|w}} || /ʋ(o)/ || fw || fw_
|-
| +8 ||  ||  || /tʷ/ || dw || F / du_
|-
| +9 || 〒 ||  || /tʷʰ/ || tw || tu_
|}
<ref> Some extended Sheetwem alphabets (V_, 6_, R, 9) cannot be normally displayed. </ref>
 
 
[[希音扩充字母|Sheetwem extended letters]]:  Єє for recording foreign languages only.


== Phonology ==
== Phonology ==
第18行： 第142行：
|-
|-
! Plosive
! Plosive
| /p/ [b]
| {{x|b}} /p/ [b]
| /t/ [d]
| {{x|d}} /t/ [d]
| /ts/ [ds]
| {{x|z}} /ts/ [ds]
| /tɕ/ [dj]
| {{x|j}} /tɕ/ [dj]
| /k/ [g]
| {{x|g}} /k/ [g]
|-
|-
! Aspirated  
! Aspirated  
| /pʰ/ [p]
| {{x|p}} /pʰ/ [p]
| /tʰ/ [t]
| {{x|t}} /tʰ/ [t]
| /tsʰ/ [ts]
| {{x|D}} /tsʰ/ [ts]
| /tɕʰ/ [tj]
| {{x|q}} /tɕʰ/ [tj]
| /kʰ/ [k]
| {{x|k}} /kʰ/ [k]
|-
|-
! Fricative
! Fricative
| /f/ [f]
| {{x|f}} /f/ [f]
| /θ/ [th]
| {{x|X}} /θ/ [th]
| /s/ [s]
| {{x|s}} /s/ [s]
| /ɕ/ [sj]
| {{x|x}} /ɕ/ [sj]
| /x/ [h]
| {{x|h}} /x/ [h]
|-
|-
! Approximant
! Approximant
| /w/ [w]
| {{x|w}} /w/ [w]
| /l/ [l]
| {{x|l}} /l/ [l]
| /ɹ/ [zs]
| {{x|r}} /ɹ/ [zs]
| /j/ [y]
| {{x|y}} /j/ [y]
| /ʔ/ [']
| {{x|~4}} /ʔ/ [']
|-
|-
! Nasal
! Nasal
| /m/ [m]
| {{x|m}} /m/ [m]
| /n/ [n]
| {{x|n}} /n/ [n]
| /n͡z/ [nz]
| {{x|H}} /n͡z/ [nz]
| /ɲ/ [nj]
| {{x|~n}} /ɲ/ [nj]
| /ŋ/ [ng]
| {{x|N}} /ŋ/ [ng]
|}
|}


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{| class="wikitable" style="vertical-align:middle;"
{| class="wikitable" style="vertical-align:middle;"
|-
|-
! rowspan="3" | 单元音
! rowspan="3" | Monophthong
| /ɯ/
| {{x|E}} /i/ [i]
| /i/
| {{x|uE}} /y/ [ui]
| /u/
| {{x|1}} /ɨ~ɹˌ/ [q]
| /y/
|  
! rowspan="3" | 复元音
| {{x|v}} /u/ [u]
! rowspan="3" | Diphthong
| {{x|V}} /əj/ [ey]
| ''{{x|A}} /uj/ [uy]''
| ''є /iw/ [iw]'' <ref> Sheetwem extended alphabets {{x|A}} and є are only used for recording foreign phonemes. </ref>
| {{x|6}} /əw/ [ow]
|-
| colspan="2" | {{x|e}} /e/ [e]
| {{x|2}} /ə/ [eo]
| colspan="2" | {{x|o}} /o/ [o]
|  
|  
| {{x|T}} /oj/ [oy]
| {{x|3}} /ew/ [ew]
|  
|  
! rowspan="3" | 鼻元音
| (/ĩ/)
| (/ũ/)
|-
| colspan="2" | /e/
| colspan="2" | /o/
| /ei/
| /ou/
| /ẽ/
| /õ/
|-
|-
| colspan="4" | /a/
| colspan="5" | {{x|a}} /ɐ/ [a]
| /æe/
| {{x|Y}} /ɐj/ [ay]
| /ɑo/
|
| /æ̃/
|
| /ɑ̃/
| {{x|L}} /ɐw/ [aw]
|}
|}


第93行： 第218行：
== Syntax ==
== Syntax ==
== Sample ==
== Sample ==
==Vocab==
===Numbers===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| 1 || Formal: {{x|NV}} <br> Vernacular: {{x|zek}} || 2 || {{x|HE}} || 3 || {{x|Xue}} || 4 || {{x|caHe}} || 5 || {{x|Nv}} || 6 || {{x|heksE}} || 7 || {{x|hvtvt}} || 8 || {{x|yokta}} || 9 || {{x|nokv}} || 10 || {{x|dek}}
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| 11 || {{x|BEde}} || 12 || {{x|telEp}} || 13 || {{x|gvzi2}} || 14 || {{x|tokbe}} || 15 || {{x|Nandv}} || 16 || {{x|~4endo}}
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| 100 || {{x|pelakE}} || 256 || {{x|pelakEmasa}} || 1000 || {{x|kElo}} || 4096 || {{x|kElomasa}} || 10⁴ || {{x|wangv}} || 16⁴ || {{x|wangvmasa}}
|}
===Pronouns===
{{x|5o}} [ngwo] First person.
{{x|na}} [na] Second person.
{{x|be}} [be] Third person.
{{x|-eN}} [-eng] Plural suffix.
===Nouns===
====Nature====
{{x|~4ada}} [ada] Nature. Heaven.
{{x|tT}} [toy] Sky.
{{x|Xe}} [the] Earth.
{{x|kosmos}} [kosmos] Cosmos.
{{x|svn}} [sun] Sun.
{{x|mvn}} [mun] Moon.
{{x|~4opto}} [opto] Light.
====Time====
{{x|xEbo}} [sjibo] Date.
{{x|~4anwo}} [anwo] Morning.
{{x|xEwo}} [sjiwo] Afternoon.
====Marine====
{{x|bYgv}} [baygu] Fish.
====Plants====
{{x|waNkv}} [wangku] Tree.
====Eco====
{{x|dLde}} [dawde] earth. Soil.
====Waters====
{{x|~4Egep}} [igep] Water.
{{x|ka}}f{{x|a}} [kafa] River.
====Body Part====
====Opposition====
{{x|xa}}fo [sjafo] Negative particle. Not.
====Livestock====
====Agriculture====
====Sound====
{{x|ton}} [ton] Voice.
====Structure====
====Script====
{{x|katqEp}} [kat'tjip] Alphabet.
{{x|weHiana}} [we'nziana] A kind of ancient script for Sheetwem.
====General====
{{x|w1}} [wq] Belongings; things belong to sb.
{{x|z2nz1}} [dseondsq] | {{x|z1nz1}} [dsqndsq] Existence.
===Verbs===
{{x|w1~4e}} [wq'e] To have.
==Transcription of foreign languages==
====English====
See [[希顶英语]]
==Other==
[[Sheetwem/Weedy]]

2024年1月28日 (日) 05:36的最新版本

Sheetwum (Sheetwum:  /ɕi.tʰum/) is a Shidinido by Rachel1211. It is an agglutinative language and a 'worldlang', i.e. the vocabulary is from unrelated languages all over the world. The use of Shidinn radical is remained but dimished in Sheetwum.

Alphabet

There are 45 letters in Sheetwum. 43 of them are derived from the original Shidinn alphabets.

Sheetwum Alphabets
No. Upper case Lower case Sino case Pronunciation Latin transcription Substitute character(s)
1 A 大 /ɐ/ a a
2 Б b 夕 /p(o)/ b b
3 B 白 /kʷ(u)/ gw B
4 C c 亡 /kʷʰ(u)/ kw c
5 D d 刀 /t(e)/ d d
6 Σ 幺 /i/ i E / ε / Σ
7 E e 巳 /e/ e e
8 F f 下 /f(o)/ f f
9 G g 马 /k(e)/ g g
10 H h 九 /x(e)/ h h
11 i 工 /i̯/ y[1] i
12 J j 丁 /tɕ(i)/ dj j
13 K k 反 /kʰ(e)/ k k
14 L l 乙 /l(e)/ l l
15 M m 巾 /m(o)/ m m
16 N n 几 /n(e)/ n n
17 Γ 兀 /ɲ(i)/ nj G / Γ
18 广 /ŋ(e)/ ng N
19 O o 口 /o/ o o
20 P p 尸 /pʰ(o)/ p p
21 Q q 中 /tɕʰ(i)/ tj q
22 R r 尺 /ɹ(ɹˌ)/ zs r
23 S s 乡 /s(ɹˌ)/ s s
24 T t 七 /tʰ(e)/ t t
25 T 上 /θ(e)/ th T / ⊥
26 U u 午 /u̯/ w[2] u
27 V v 以 /u/ u v
28 W w 山 /w(o)/ w w
29 X x 乂 /ɕ(i)/ sj x
30 Y y 丫 /j(e)/ y y
31 Z z 之 /ts(ɹˌ)/ ds z
32 一 /ɹˌ/ q 1
33 又 /ə/ ë / eo 2 / ə
34 了 /ew/ ew 3 / ɜ
35 千 /ʔ(e)/ ' 4
36 与 /ŋʷ(u)/ ngw 5 / ㄣ
37 厶 /əw/ ow 6
38 亻 /xʷ(u)/ hw 7
39 月 /ʵ/ r[3] 8 / δ
40 廿 /ɐj/ ay Y / 廿
41 入 /ɐw/ aw X / 刀 / λ
42 日 /oj/ oy O / θ
43 人 /əj/ ey V / 人
44 才 /tsʰ(ɹˌ)/ ts C / ㄜ
45 卜 /nz(ɹˌ)/ nz H / 卜

Extended Sheetwem Alphabets are only for recording vocabularies from foreign languages. Extended alphabets have no Sino case.

Extended Sheetwem Alphabets
No. Upper case Lower case Pronunciation Latin transcription Substitute character(s)
+1 Є є /iw/ iw _iu / _iw
+2 /uj/ uy U / _ui / _uy
+3 <(_)> <(_)> /ej/ ey _ei / _ey / ス
+4 <(_)> <(_)> /ow/ ow _ou / _ow / ㅎ
+5 ↑R (like ˘) R /r(e)/ rr R / ^
+6 ʕ ʕ (middle & lower frames) /ˁ/ ‘ 9
+7 Fw fw /ʋ(o)/ fw fw_
+8 /tʷ/ dw F / du_
+9 〒 /tʷʰ/ tw tu_

[4]


Sheetwem extended letters:  Єє for recording foreign languages only.

Phonology

There are 25 consonants, 13 vowels and 3 gliding tones in Sheetwem.

Bilabial Alveolar Alveolar-Fricative Palatal Velar
Plosive /p/ [b] /t/ [d] /ts/ [ds] /tɕ/ [dj] /k/ [g]
Aspirated /pʰ/ [p] /tʰ/ [t] /tsʰ/ [ts] /tɕʰ/ [tj] /kʰ/ [k]
Fricative /f/ [f] /θ/ [th] /s/ [s] /ɕ/ [sj] /x/ [h]
Approximant /w/ [w] /l/ [l] /ɹ/ [zs] /j/ [y] /ʔ/ [']
Nasal /m/ [m] /n/ [n] /n͡z/ [nz] /ɲ/ [nj] /ŋ/ [ng]


Monophthong /i/ [i]  /y/ [ui] /ɨ~ɹˌ/ [q] /u/ [u] Diphthong /əj/ [ey] /uj/ [uy] є /iw/ [iw] [5] /əw/ [ow]
/e/ [e] /ə/ [eo] /o/ [o] /oj/ [oy] /ew/ [ew]
/ɐ/ [a] /ɐj/ [ay] /ɐw/ [aw]

Morphology

Words of Sheetwem are not based on Shidinn Hanzi but rather borrowed from unrelated language families around the world, and less commonly a-priori. Part of speech includes noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, and so on.

Radical

The Shidinn radicals (with phonetics changes) are partly selected as radicals of Sheetwem. e.g.

 [bay-gu] "fish"

 [a-da] "nature"

Syntax

Sample

Vocab

Numbers

1 Formal: 
Vernacular: 		 2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  10 
11  12  13  14  15  16 
100  256  1000  4096  10⁴  16⁴ 

Pronouns

 [ngwo] First person.

 [na] Second person.

 [be] Third person.

- [-eng] Plural suffix.

Nouns

Nature

 [ada] Nature. Heaven.  [toy] Sky.  [the] Earth.  [kosmos] Cosmos.  [sun] Sun.  [mun] Moon.  [opto] Light.

Time

 [sjibo] Date.  [anwo] Morning.  [sjiwo] Afternoon.

Marine

 [baygu] Fish.

Plants

 [wangku] Tree.

Eco

 [dawde] earth. Soil.

Waters

 [igep] Water. f [kafa] River.

Body Part

Opposition

fo [sjafo] Negative particle. Not.

Livestock

Agriculture

Sound

 [ton] Voice.

Structure

Script

 [kat'tjip] Alphabet.  [we'nziana] A kind of ancient script for Sheetwem.

General

 [wq] Belongings; things belong to sb.  [dseondsq] |  [dsqndsq] Existence.

Verbs

 [wq'e] To have.

Transcription of foreign languages

English

See 希顶英语


Other

Sheetwem/Weedy

  1. ↑ For "gliding tone" only
  2. ↑ For "gliding tone" only
  3. ↑ For "gliding tone" only
  4. ↑ Some extended Sheetwem alphabets (V_, 6_, R, 9) cannot be normally displayed.
  5. ↑ Sheetwem extended alphabets and є are only used for recording foreign phonemes.
检索自“https://wiki.xdi8.top/index.php?title=Draft:Sheetwum&oldid=33219”