, , ｡ ｡ , / / , [ ] , ⟦ ⟧ , ｡ , unt 《 》, ｡
｡
, C(G)V｡ ,C , (initial)；G , (glide), (medial), ；V , (rime)｡
, , [ɣo tɕʰweɪ], [ɣjeɣoˈtɕʰweɪ] ( [ɣje ɣo tɕʰweɪ])｡ (C)V, ( ｢ ｣) , :
| | C | V |
|---|---|---|
| | | ( ) |
| | | |
| | , /ɣ/ | |
# ｡
, , ｡ , ( ) /ˈ◌/ , [ɣjeɣoˈtɕʰweɪ], ｡ /◌̆/, , ｡ , ( )｡
, ､ /f､ʋ/､ ､､､､ /ts､tsʰ､s､ɹ､n̻/ ､､､､ [tɕ､tɕʰ､ɕ､j､ɲ] ｡ , ｡
｡ ｡
18 , 23 ( , # ):
| | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | /p/ | /t/ | /ts/ | [tɕ] | /k/ |
| | /pʰ/ | /tʰ/ | /tsʰ/ | [tɕʰ] | /kʰ/ |
| | /f/ | /s/ | [ɕ] | /x/ | |
| | /ʋ/ | /ɹ/ | [j] | /ɣ/ | |
| | /m/ | /n/ | /n̻/ | [ɲ] | /ŋ/ |
:
- /p､pʰ､m/ ,/f､ʋ/ ｡
- /ts､tsʰ､s､ɹ､n̻/ , z､c､s ( ､ ) ｡ ,/n̻/ , ⟦nz̆~nɹ̆⟧, /nz/｡
- /ts､tsʰ､s､ɹ､n̻/ /j/ [tɕ､tɕʰ､ɕ､j､ɲ], 5 , ｡ ,[tɕ､tɕʰ､ɕ] – ,[j] ( /j/ ),[ɲ] – ⟦ɲ̟⟧｡
- /k､kʰ､x､ɣ､ŋ/ /j/ ( [ɥ､i､y]) ⟦k̟､k̟ʰ､x̟､ɣ̟､ŋ̟⟧； /k､kʰ､x､ŋ/ ⟦k̠､k̠ʰ､x̠､ŋ̠⟧,/ɣ/ , ｡/ɣ/ ⟦ɣ̠⟧ , ｡
:
- ｡ , , ｡ , , ｡
- /ɣ/ /ɣ̞/ ｡ /ɰ/, /ɰ/ ( /w/ ), - , - /ɰɥ-/ ｡/ɣ/ , - - ｡
- [ʋ､ɹ､j､ɣ] , ⟦v､z､ʝ､ɣ⟧｡
- [m､n､n̻､ɲ､ŋ] (oral release), ⟦mb̆､nd̆､nd͝z､ɲd͝ʑ､ŋɡ̆⟧｡ ,/n/ ⟦l⟧ ⟦l̃⟧｡/n̻/ , (delayed release) ⟦nz̆~nɹ̆⟧｡
2 , 3 :
| | | |
|---|---|---|
| | /j/ | |
| | [ɥ] | /w/ |
- /w/ , , – ｡
- /jw/ ( /wj/ ) [ɥ]｡
- (/ts/ ) /j/ ( ) , ､ /tsja､tsjwa/ [tɕa､tɕwa]｡ [tɕja､tɕɥa]｡ [tɕwa] [w] , ｡
- /w､f/ /j/ ⟦ʋʲ⟧｡
- (/k/ ) [j､ɥ] ⟦j̈､ɥ̈⟧｡
13 , 15 17 :
| | | | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | [i] | [y] | /ɯ/ | /u/ | (ĩ) | (ũ) | ||
| | /e/ | /o/ | /eɪ/ | /əʊ/ | /ẽ/ | /õ/ | ||
| | /a/ | /æɪ/ | /ɑʊ/ | /æ̃/ | /ɑ̃/ | |||
:
- /jɯ､ju/ [i､y]｡
- /jwɯ/ [wi], [w] , , [ɥi]｡
- /wɯ/ /wu/ , [u], /u/ , ｡ ,/jwu/ /ju/ ｡
- /ɯ/ ⟦ɨ､ɯ､ə⟧ ｡ /p､pʰ､m/ /ɯ/ , ⟦ɵ⟧, ｡
- (/ts/ ) /ɯ/ ⟦ɹ̩⟧｡ , (/t/ ) /ɯsɯ/ (/sɯ/ ) ⟦ɹ̩⟧, /tʰɯsɯ/ ⟦tʰɹ̩⟧ ⟦tʰɨsɹ̩⟧, ⟦ɹ̩⟧ ⟦ɨsɹ̩⟧ ｡
- /f､ʋ/ /u/ ⟦ʋ̩⟧,/ju/ ⟦ʋ̩ʲ⟧｡
:
- /e､o/ ⟦e̞､o̞⟧｡
- /e/ , ⟦ə⟧, (/k/ ) /je､ɥe/ ｡
- /a/ ⟦ä⟧｡
:
- /eɪ/ /e/ ⟦e̞⟧｡
- /əʊ/ /ə/ ,/ʊ/ ⟦ʉ̞⟧ ｡ /oʊ/, ｡
- /æɪ､ɑʊ/ , ⟦æe､ɑo⟧ , ⟦ɛ､ɔ⟧｡ /æe､ɑo/, /e､o/； /ai､au/, /a.i､a.u/ ｡
- /ɑʊ/ /ɑ/ ⟦ɐ⟧｡
:
- , /ẽ､õ/, , ｡
- /ẽ/ ⟦ẽ̞⟧, /õ/ ｡
- /õ/ , ｡
- /jẽ､jwẽ/ [ĩ､ɥĩ],/wõ､jwõ/ [ũ､ɥũ], ｡ ,[ĩ､ũ] , [jẽ､wõ],那么 15 ｡ ,那么 17 ｡
- /ɑ̃/ ⟦ɐ̃⟧｡
: ､ ､ ､ ｡ :
| → ↓ |
| | | | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | | | | | | ||
| [p､pʰ､m] | [i] | [ɯ] | [y] | [u] | [ja] | [a] | | |||
| [f､ʋ] | [i] | [y] | [u] | [ja] | [a] | , [ɯ､u] | ||||
| [ts] | [ɯ] | [u] | [a] | [wa] | | |||||
| [tɕ] | [i] | (wi) | [y] | [a] | [wa] | | ||||
| [x､ɣ] | [i] | [wi] | [ɯ] | [y] | [ja] | [ɥa] | [a] | | ||
| | [i] | [wi] | [ɯ] | [y] | [u] | [ja] | [ɥa] | [a] | [wa] | |
[a] ｡ ､ [j､ɥ] ｡ [wi] , ｡ -､- ü [ɥ]｡
| → ↓ |
/j/ | /jw/ | /∅/ | /j/ | /∅/ | /j/ | /jw/ | /∅/ | /w/ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| /ɯ/ | /u/ | | ||||||||
| /p､pʰ､m/ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | /w/ | |||
| /f､ʋ/ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | /w､ɯ/ | ||||
| /ts/ | ✓ | (✓) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
| /x､ɣ/ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | /w､u/ | ||
| | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
, , ｡ ｡ , , ｡ , , ｡
| unt | | |
|---|---|---|
| ､ | /ʋ､ɹ/ | /v､z/ |
| | /ɣ/ | /ɰ/ |
| | /n̻/ | /nz､nɹ/ |
| | [j､ɥ] | [j､ɥ] |
| | [wi] | [ɥi] |
| | [ɯ] | [ɨ] |
| | [ɯ] | [ɹ̩] |
| | /əʊ/ | /oʊ/ |
| ､ | /æɪ､ɑʊ/ | /æe､ɑo/ |
| ､ | [jẽ､wõ] | [ĩ､ũ] |
| | | |
| | | |
([tɕ] ) [j] , , [j] , ⟦tɕa⟧ jia ⟦tɕja⟧｡ , ⟦tɕja⟧｡ , ⟦ɥ⟧, [tɕ] ( ⟦ɹ̠ʷ⟧), [w] ( , ) ｡ , ⟦ɥ⟧｡
⟦ɥi⟧, [ji],那么 [ɥi]｡ [w] , ,那么 [wi] , [w] , [i] ,那么 ⟦ɥ⟧ ｡
,unt , ,那么 [j､ɥ]｡